Introduction
Millions of children in India live on the streets, struggling for survival amid poverty, abuse, and neglect. According to estimates, over 11 million street children work as ragpickers, beggars, or street vendors, deprived of basic rights like food, education, and healthcare. These children face extreme vulnerabilities, including exploitation and trafficking.
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This blog explores the root causes, key challenges, and solutions to support street children in India, highlighting government policies and NGO interventions.
Who Are Street Children?
Definition
Street children are minors who live or work on streets, often without family support. UNICEF categorizes them as:
Children on the street – Work on streets but return home.
Children of the street – Live on streets with minimal family contact.
Abandoned children – Orphans or runaways with no family ties.
Statistics in India
1 million+ street children in Delhi, Mumbai, and Kolkata alone.
70% are boys, but girls face higher risks of trafficking and abuse.
Only 10% attend school, leaving them trapped in poverty cycles.
Why Do Children End Up on the Streets?
1. Poverty & Unemployment
Families unable to afford basic needs push children into labor.
Rural-urban migration forces children into street work.
2. Family Breakdown
Abuse, neglect, or parental death leaves children homeless.
Girls often run away due to domestic violence or forced marriages.
3. Lack of Education
No access to schools perpetuates illiteracy and unemployment.
4. Trafficking & Exploitation
Many are forced into begging, prostitution, or drug peddling.
Challenges Faced by Street Children
1. Health Risks
Malnutrition, diseases, and substance abuse (glue sniffing, drugs).
No access to sanitation or medical care.
2. Violence & Abuse
Physical, sexual, and emotional abuse by adults or gangs.
Police brutality in some cases.
3. Lack of Legal Protection
Many are denied identity proofs, making them invisible to welfare schemes.
4. Social Stigma
Labeled as "criminals" or "nuisances", limiting reintegration opportunities.
Government & NGO Interventions
1. Juvenile Justice Act (2015)
Provides shelter, education, and rehabilitation for street children.
Establishes Child Welfare Committees (CWCs) for protection.
2. CHILDLINE (1098)
24/7 emergency helpline for children in distress.
3. NGO Initiatives
Butterflies India – Provides education and vocational training.
Salaam Baalak Trust – Runs shelters and mentorship programs.
4. Right to Education (RTE) Act
Ensures free schooling for children aged 6-14.
How Can You Help?
✅ Donate to NGOs supporting street children.
✅ Volunteer at shelters or mentorship programs.
✅ Report abuse via CHILDLINE (1098).
✅ Advocate for stronger child protection laws.
Conclusion
Street children in India represent a hidden crisis that demands urgent attention. While government policies and NGOs are making strides, public awareness and community support are crucial for lasting change.
Want to help? Share this article or support a local NGO today!
FAQ Section
Q1: How many street children are there in India?
A: Estimates suggest over 11 million, with 1 million+ in major cities like Delhi and Mumbai.
Q2: What are the main causes of street children?
A: Poverty, family breakdown, abuse, and lack of education are key factors.
Q3: How does the Juvenile Justice Act help?
A: It ensures protection, shelter, and rehabilitation for vulnerable children.
Q4: Can street children access education?
A: Yes, under the RTE Act, but many still miss out due to homelessness.
